There are two BOOTP servers available for GNU/Linux. The first is CMU bootpd. The other is actually a DHCP server: ISC dhcpd. In Debian GNU/Linux these are contained in the bootp and dhcp3-server packages respectively.

To use CMU bootpd, you must first uncomment (or add) the relevant line in /etc/inetd.conf. On Debian GNU/Linux, you can run update-inetd --enable bootps, then /etc/init.d/inetd reload to do so. Just in case your BOOTP server does not run Debian, the line in question should look like:

bootps  dgram  udp  wait  root  /usr/sbin/bootpd  bootpd -i -t 120

Now, you must create an /etc/bootptab file. This has the same sort of familiar and cryptic format as the good old BSD printcap, termcap, and disktab files. See the bootptab manual page for more information. For CMU bootpd, you will need to know the hardware (MAC) address of the client. Here is an example /etc/bootptab:

client:\
  hd=/tftpboot:\
  bf=tftpboot.img:\
  ip=192.168.1.90:\
  sm=255.255.255.0:\
  sa=192.168.1.1:\
  ha=0123456789AB:

You will need to change at least the “ha” option, which specifies the hardware address of the client. The “bf” option specifies the file a client should retrieve via TFTP; see 節 4.5.4, “將 TFTP 映像放到適當的位置” for more details.

By contrast, setting up BOOTP with ISC dhcpd is really easy, because it treats BOOTP clients as a moderately special case of DHCP clients. Some architectures require a complex configuration for booting clients via BOOTP. If yours is one of those, read the section 節 4.5.2, “設置 DHCP 伺服器”. Otherwise you will probably be able to get away with simply adding the allow bootp directive to the configuration block for the subnet containing the client in /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf, and restart dhcpd with /etc/init.d/dhcpd3-server restart.

One free software DHCP server is ISC dhcpd. For Debian GNU/Linux, the dhcp3-server package is recommended. Here is a sample configuration file for it (see /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf):

option domain-name "example.com";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.com;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
server-name "servername";

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;
  option routers 192.168.1.1;
}

host clientname {
  filename "/tftpboot/tftpboot.img";
  server-name "servername";
  next-server servername;
  hardware ethernet 01:23:45:67:89:AB;
  fixed-address 192.168.1.90;
}

在這個例子中，一台伺服器 servername 負責執行包括 DHCP 伺服器、TFTP 伺服器和閘道器在內的所有工作。您需要修改網域名稱選項，以及伺服器名稱和客戶端硬體位址。filename 選項應是要從 TFTP 取得的檔案名稱。

After you have edited the dhcpd configuration file, restart it with /etc/init.d/dhcpd3-server restart.

option domain-name "example.com";

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

allow booting;
allow bootp;

# The next paragraph needs to be modified to fit your case
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;
  option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
# the gateway address which can be different
# (access to the internet for instance)
  option routers 192.168.1.1;
# indicate the dns you want to use
  option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.3;
}

group {
  next-server 192.168.1.3;
  host tftpclient {
# tftp client hardware address
  hardware ethernet  00:10:DC:27:6C:15;
  filename "pxelinux.0";
 }
}

要準備好 TFTP 伺服器，您首先需要確定 tftpd 已經啟動。這通常可以在 /etc/inetd.conf 加入下列設定來完成：

tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd in.tftpd /tftpboot

Debian 套件通常在安裝後會自動把這條設定好。

Look in /etc/inetd.conf and remember the directory which is used as the argument of in.tftpd^[9]; you'll need that below. If you've had to change /etc/inetd.conf, you'll have to notify the running inetd process that the file has changed. On a Debian machine, run /etc/init.d/inetd reload; on other machines, find out the process ID for inetd, and run kill -HUP inetd-pid.

Next, place the TFTP boot image you need, as found in 節 4.2.1, “哪裡能找到安裝映像檔”, in the tftpd boot image directory. You may have to make a link from that file to the file which tftpd will use for booting a particular client. Unfortunately, the file name is determined by the TFTP client, and there are no strong standards.

For PXE booting, everything you should need is set up in the netboot/netboot.tar.gz tarball. Simply extract this tarball into the tftpd boot image directory. Make sure your dhcp server is configured to pass pxelinux.0 to tftpd as the filename to boot.